Orthodontic treatments have become increasingly popular as people strive for perfect smiles and improved oral health.
Among the various procedures available, one stands out as the most common: braces. Braces have been a cornerstone of orthodontic treatment for decades, providing effective solutions for a wide range of dental issues. This article delves into the specifics of braces, their types, benefits, and the process involved, while also touching on other common orthodontic procedures.
What Is Braces?
Braces are orthodontic devices used to correct misaligned teeth, crowded teeth, and bite issues. They work by applying continuous pressure over a period of time to slowly move teeth in a specific direction. As the teeth move, the bone changes shape to accommodate their new positions.
SEE ALSO: What Does Bonding Mean in Orthodontics
Types of Braces
Metal Braces
Traditional metal braces are the most common and recognizable type. They are made of high-grade stainless steel and consist of metal brackets attached to each tooth. A thin, flexible wire runs through the brackets, and rubber bands are used to connect the wire to the brackets.
Ceramic Braces
Ceramic braces function similarly to metal braces but use clear or tooth-colored brackets that blend in with the teeth, making them less noticeable. They are a popular choice for individuals who are concerned about the appearance of metal braces.
Lingual Braces
Lingual braces are similar to traditional metal braces but are placed on the back of the teeth, facing the tongue. This makes them invisible from the front, offering a more discreet option. However, they can be more challenging to clean and may affect speech initially.
Self-Ligating Braces
Self-ligating braces use a specialized clip instead of elastic bands to hold the wire in place. This system creates less friction and can reduce the overall treatment time. They come in both metal and ceramic varieties.
Clear Aligners
Clear aligners, such as Invisalign, are a modern alternative to traditional braces. They consist of a series of custom-made, clear plastic trays that fit over the teeth and gradually move them into the desired position. They are removable and nearly invisible, offering a discreet and convenient option.
Benefits of Braces
Improved Oral Health
Correcting misaligned teeth can make it easier to maintain oral hygiene. Straighter teeth are less likely to trap food and bacteria, reducing the risk of cavities, gum disease, and other oral health issues.
Enhanced Appearance
A well-aligned smile can significantly improve a person’s appearance and boost their self-confidence. Many people seek orthodontic treatment primarily for cosmetic reasons.
Better Functionality
Braces can correct bite issues such as overbite, underbite, crossbite, and open bite. Addressing these problems can improve chewing efficiency, reduce wear on teeth, and alleviate jaw pain.
Long-Term Results
With proper care and maintenance, the results of orthodontic treatment can last a lifetime. Retainers are usually recommended after braces are removed to help maintain the new position of the teeth.
The Braces Process
Initial Consultation
The journey to a perfect smile begins with an initial consultation with an orthodontist. During this visit, the orthodontist will examine the patient’s teeth, take X-rays, and discuss the treatment options.
Treatment Planning
After the consultation, the orthodontist will create a customized treatment plan. This plan outlines the type of braces to be used, the estimated duration of treatment, and any additional procedures that may be required.
Fitting the Braces
The next step is fitting the braces. For traditional braces, this involves attaching brackets to the teeth using a special adhesive. The archwire is then threaded through the brackets and secured with elastic bands. For clear aligners, the orthodontist will take impressions of the teeth to create the custom aligners.
Adjustments and Monitoring
Regular appointments are necessary to monitor progress and make adjustments. For traditional braces, this typically involves tightening the archwire to continue moving the teeth. Clear aligners require a new set of aligners every few weeks to keep the teeth moving in the right direction.
Completion and Retention
Once the teeth have moved into their final positions, the braces are removed. This is a momentous occasion for patients, but the journey isn’t over yet. To ensure the teeth remain in their new positions, retainers must be worn as directed by the orthodontist.
Other Common Orthodontic Procedures
While braces are the most common orthodontic procedure, there are several other treatments that orthodontists frequently perform.
Palatal Expanders
Palatal expanders are devices used to widen the upper jaw. They are often used in children to create more space for crowded teeth or to correct crossbites. The expander is attached to the upper molars and gradually widens the jaw by applying pressure to the palatal bones.
Space Maintainers
Space maintainers are devices used to hold space for permanent teeth when a primary tooth is lost prematurely. They help prevent the surrounding teeth from shifting into the empty space, which can cause alignment issues.
Headgear
Headgear is an orthodontic appliance that is typically used in conjunction with braces. It applies pressure to the upper teeth and jaw to correct bite problems and guide the growth of the jaw. It is usually worn for a specific number of hours each day, as prescribed by the orthodontist.
Jaw Surgery
In severe cases of misalignment, orthodontic treatment may need to be combined with jaw surgery. This is known as orthognathic surgery and is used to correct discrepancies in the size or position of the jaws. It is typically performed by an oral and maxillofacial surgeon in conjunction with orthodontic treatment.
Retainers
Retainers are used to maintain the position of teeth after braces or other orthodontic treatments. There are different types of retainers, including removable and fixed options. Removable retainers are typically made of clear plastic or acrylic, while fixed retainers consist of a thin wire bonded to the back of the teeth.
Choosing The Right Orthodontic Treatment
Selecting the appropriate orthodontic treatment depends on various factors, including the severity of the dental issue, the patient’s age, and their aesthetic preferences. Consulting with a qualified orthodontist is essential to determine the best course of action.
Considerations for Children
For children, the American Association of Orthodontists recommends an initial orthodontic evaluation by the age of seven.
Early intervention can address issues before they become more severe, potentially reducing the need for extensive treatment later on.
Considerations for Adults
Orthodontic treatment is not just for children and teenagers. Many adults seek orthodontic care to improve their smiles and oral health. Clear aligners are particularly popular among adults due to their discreet appearance.
Cost and Insurance
Orthodontic treatment can be a significant financial investment. The cost varies depending on the type of braces and the complexity of the case. Many dental insurance plans cover part of the cost of orthodontic treatment, and payment plans are often available to make the treatment more affordable.
Conclusion
Braces remain the most common orthodontic procedure due to their versatility and effectiveness in treating a wide range of dental issues. From traditional metal braces to modern clear aligners, there are options to suit every patient’s needs and preferences. While the journey to a perfect smile may be lengthy, the benefits of improved oral health, enhanced appearance, and better functionality make it well worth the effort. Consulting with an experienced orthodontist is the first step towards achieving a healthy, beautiful smile.